Archer John Porter Martin was a British chemist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1952 for his work on the development of partition chromatography, a technique used to separate mixtures of chemical substances. Born in London in 1910, Martin completed his education at Cambridge University and went on to work at various research institutions, where he made significant contributions to the field of biochemistry. His pioneering work in chromatography revolutionized the way scientists analyze complex mixtures and paved the way for advancements in various scientific disciplines.