Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919) was a Scottish-American industrialist who led the expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century. After immigrating to the United States as a child, Carnegie worked his way up from a humble bobbin boy in a cotton factory to establish the Carnegie Steel Company, one of the largest and most profitable steel companies in the world. Later in his life, he became a prominent philanthropist and donated a significant portion of his wealth to establish libraries, schools, and various institutions to promote education and the arts.