William James (1842-1910) was an American philosopher and psychologist, known as one of the most influential thinkers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was a prominent figure in the development of pragmatism, a philosophical movement that emphasizes the practical consequences of belief. James also made significant contributions to the field of psychology, particularly in the areas of consciousness, emotions, and the will. His work has had a lasting impact on various disciplines and continues to be studied and debated to this day.